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1.2 Animation, Narrative Structures & Film Language

Week 10: Editing

Editing my video presentation was enjoyable and demanding, especially when choosing footage that matched my narrative. Each clip had to be consistent with the themes of race and ethnicity in animation, which required carefully selecting instances that illustrated crucial aspects without dominating the presentation.

Finding essential visual content proved to be a significant challenge, especially for the portions exploring unpleasant or problematic representations in animation. Many earlier animations featuring obviously objectionable imagery are either extensively banned online or impossible to find because of their contentious nature. While this is acceptable, it hampered my attempts to physically demonstrate how damaging preconceptions were once maintained. Instead, I used scholarly references, essays, and still photographs to discuss these situations in depth.

Another problem was achieving a balance of critical and engaging content. Including modern examples of realistic depiction helps to balance the more difficult portions of the historical perspective, resulting in a well-rounded story. In editing.

This event highlighted the relevance of ethical considerations in content selection. While showing troubling material might be useful for analysis, I made sure it was done purposefully, respectfully, and within a critical perspective. Finally, the editing process took time and imagination to create a presentation that was both educational and memorable.

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1.2 Animation, Narrative Structures & Film Language

Week 9: Presentation and Editing

When creating a video presentation, scripting and voiceover are critical components for providing a clear and understand for the paper. The process begins with a focused script outlining the main ideas intended to communicate. The script for the presentation highlighted brevity and structure, ensuring that the message was brief while still conveying the essence of my critical report. Writing in a conversational tone helped make the presentation more approachable while maintaining its academic integrity.

A significant problem I encountered was balancing detail with time limits. Five minutes isn’t much time, so prioritising important information while keeping a logical flow requires careful editing. The script was written to follow the presentation’s visual framework, ensuring that the voiceover complemented rather than overwhelmed the on-screen visuals.

Voiceover recording presented its own challenges. Articulating difficult thoughts in a natural tone required skill, and timing was essential to avoid seeming rushed or monotonous. After a few takes, I discovered that rehearsing each piece aloud improved delivery by aligning how I spoke with the presentation.

Finally, well-structured writing and a professional voiceover improved the presentation. It serves as a reminder that great video storytelling is based not only on graphics but also on how ideas are expressed through voice.

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1.2 Animation, Narrative Structures & Film Language

Week 8: Conclusion & Presentation

Writing the conclusion for my critical report was a reflective experience. The goal was to bring together all of the elements discussed in the main chapters—history, tokenism, inclusivity, and cultural shifts—and present a brief yet effective overview of my research. One problem I faced was ensuring that the conclusion did not just regurgitate previously addressed points but provided a thorough synthesis of the important observations while emphasising the research’s larger implications. To leave a lasting impression on the reader, it was critical to balance a positive outlook on the industry’s progress and a critical perspective on areas that needed improvement.

A key part of the process was referring back to academic sources such as Johnson Cheu’s Diversity in Disney Films and Paul Wells’ Understanding Animation, which helped me ground my arguments in established scholarship. I also drew insights from industry perspectives, including critical essays on modern productions like Coco and Spider-Man: Into the Spider-Verse, to illustrate how representation has evolved.

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The transition to preparing the presentation adds a new level of complication. Writing allows for in-depth research, whereas a presentation requires brevity and clarity. I originally tried to distil the report into visually appealing and understandable pieces. To ensure that each slide effectively communicated the chapters’ content while keeping the audience engaged, I had to rethink how I presented information. To solve this, I used crucial graphics, such as stills from historically significant animations, along with simple bullet points summarising my views.

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1.2 Animation, Narrative Structures & Film Language

Week 7: Chapters Of Main

Writing the key chapters of my critical report involved a delicate balancing act. The chapters required in-depth discussions of historical prejudices, tokenism, and the changing landscape of racial and ethnic representation in animation, each with its own focus while adding to the larger narrative. One major challenge I faced was making each chapter feel unbiased while still maintaining a strong, critical voice. This required me to present multiple perspectives on controversial topics.

while investigating tokenism in animation, I found myself delving into subtopics such as its historical roots and how overcompensation has occasionally resulted in shallow representation. It was difficult to pick which features to highlight without losing sight of the larger point. Striking the correct balance between discussing historical mistakes, such as Disney’s early preconceptions, and praising progress, such as the cultural depth of films like Coco, necessitated ongoing modification and critical evaluation.

Another difficulty was the large amount of academic and non-academic sources. While scholarly articles provided theoretical depth, industry interviews and critiques from animators offered practical insights. Synthesizing these diverse perspectives was no easy task, but it pushed me to refine my arguments and focus on what truly supported my paper

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1.2 Animation, Narrative Structures & Film Language

Week 6: Litureture Review

The literature review for my critical report delves deeply into the complex history of race and ethnicity in animation. It was both enlightening and difficult to map out the scholarly environment for this topic. I traced major trends, from early prejudices in animated media to the current quest for actual diversity in mainstream films.

A big challenge was maintaining cohesion among the various materials I read, which spanned from cultural critiques to audience analysis. Another problem was the lack of academic work on representation in non-Western animation, which forced me to broaden my search and rely on linked media studies for history. Despite this, I clearly understood how historical prejudices affected the industry and discovered encouraging examples of development in global storytelling.

This step of the project emphasised the importance of critical thinking and synthesis, turning the literature review into more than just a summary—it became the foundation for my research. While difficult, it was a worthwhile exercise in providing clarity and direction for the remainder of the report.

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1.1 Maya 1.1 Unreal Engine

Final Video Submission

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1.1 Maya

Week 11 Body Mechanic Spline

The animation task included a character standing from a chair, concentrating on body and leg movement while leaving the arms for further development as part of personal improvement objectives. The goal of changing to spline mode in Maya was to smooth out the motion and alter the timing so that the action appeared natural and fluid. 

However, achieving smooth transitions proved difficult. The action was often sudden, especially in the early stages of standing, where the weight shift required flawless precision. The arcs and timing needed to be fine-tuned in the spline editor to remove stiffness and artificial pauses. These issues highlighted the need to understand important ideas like overlapping action and anticipation while refining animations. 

The feedback in the previous week showed the need of properly spacing keyframes and introducing minor secondary actions to improve smoothness. These changes dramatically improved the animation, resulting in a more polished and credible outcome.

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1.1 Maya

Week 10 Body Mechanic Stepped

This week’s focus was on building animations in Maya’s stepped mode, which emphasises essential poses over interpolated transitions. Working in step mode enabled the animation to priorities poses.

The practice included breaking down moves into various poses to show the character’s weight shifting and balance. This strategy highlighted the importance of strong posing as the foundation for a credible performance. However, attempting to express fluidity and timing without interpolation proved difficult, as certain transitions between positions appeared abrupt or disjointed.


due to lack of experience stiffness is reoccurring within this module, in animation often happens when transitions between crucial postures lack fluidity or natural arcs, the clip above is an improvement that would seem more natural and add to the animation. This problem is frequently attributed to insufficient spacing, strict timing, or insufficient overlap and follow-through.

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1.1 Unreal Engine

Week 11 Video Submission

The project’s editing process required using DaVinci Resolve to fine-tune the animation and improve its presentation with minimal colour grading and sound effects. The goal was to create a unified and professional final result that enhanced the storytelling.

Sound design was crucial in creating a more immersive atmosphere. With no pre-existing sound effects to draw on, fresh audio pieces were created to accompany the graphics. Layering sound effects, such as environmental ambience and character activities, helped to bring the animation to life. Voice acting was also used to enhance narrative weight and emotional impact. Bringing together language with character movement necessitated precise time and pace.

The editing process offered difficulties, particularly in achieving the proper balance of audio and visuals to retain immersion. creating a realistic arrival scenario was particularly difficult because every sound cue has to be exactly aligned in order to successfully portray the sensation of movement and setting.

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1.1 Unreal Engine

Week 10 Compositing and Rendering

Rendering in Unreal Engine 5 provides a chance to experiment with the usage of Luts to improve visual realism. LUTs are a vital tool for changing colour grading and creating cinematic tones in a scene. Various moods and atmospheres were tried using different LUTs, demonstrating the transforming impact of slight lighting and colour changes on the final render.

Using Photoshop Importing pre-made LUTs and applying them to the scene using post-processing volumes. Adjustments were made to match the lighting conditions of the scene, with a focus on tone consistency and depth. Colour saturation and contrast had to be balanced carefully to avoid over-stylization, which could detract from the scene’s natural aesthetic.

The study emphasised the significance of mastering colour theory and post-processing technologies in producing visually appealing representations. By efficiently integrating LUTs, the project gained a more polished and professional appearance, hence increasing the storytelling potential of Unreal Engine 5.

the transition between shots in the rendered sequence presented challenges. The cuts between angles felt abrupt and lacked fluidity, creating a noticeable disconnect that disrupted the visual flow. This issue underscored the importance of aligning lighting and post-processing settings consistently across all shots to ensure smooth transitions and maintain immersion.